#19 research & inspiration

although this one used the same font as the very last one.... it still captured my attention

this one favored me a lot because the hair would be an interesting background for the logo inside the hair.

this one was interesting because the font made the logo look very strong in a sense

i liked this one because it incorporated a flower with the "L" of looks

the way they incorporated the texture of clay in the actual word was interesting

Stationary Package

the printed pieces that a company utilizes for communication purposes

when establishing a business it is very important that all communications are well coordinated and that the message of the organization is presented consistently

includes business card, letterhead and envelope

an essential part of a stationery design.  when you hand someone your business card, they will form an immediate opinion about your company. your business card does more than tell people how to find you: it says something about your company--- its mission its culture and its goals. everything from the colors fonts the texture shade and gloss of the paper your print on says something about you

typically includes:
logo
company name
employee name
title
phone number
fax number
email address
company address
web address



design tips:
must be 2"x 3.5"
horizontal or vertical orientation
check for accuracy
check for unity...continuity among other pieces



letterhead---a printed piece of paper used to send letters, memos, ect
typically includes:
logo
company name
company address
phone number
fax number
web address

design tips:
must be 8.5x11 (standard)
must be vertical orientation
must leave room to write the letter, memo,ect- big empty space in the middle
check for accuracy
check for unity...continuity among other pieces

envelope
the packaging that contains the letter/form when being mailed

standard #10 envelope


typically includes:
logo
company name
company address

design tips:
must be 9.5x4.125
horizontal or vertical orientation
must leave room for recipients address and stamp
check for accuracy
check for unity..continuity among other pieces

#18 research and inspiration

Assignment 17 Research and Inspiration

Logotypes

• Logotype is a graphic mark or emblem used by commercial enterprises and individuals to promote public recognition
• referred to as LOGO
• includes hieroglyphics, coats of arms, watermarks and development of printing
• in early industrial revolution photography and lithography contributed to advertising 
• in early industrial revolution typography was undergoing expansion and change beyond its traditions used in books
• arts were expanding
• by 1890 the US has 700 lithographic printing firms and employed 8000 people
• childrens books, newspapers, and periodicals
• literacy rates increased as the prices of printing decreased
• by 1950 Modernism became an international movements
• modernism formed a powerful toolset for a new generation of graphic designers
• LESS IS MORE
• logo design is one of the most difficult to perfect
• logos need to be simple, with personality

5 principles of effective logo design

-simple

-memorable

-timeless

-versatile

-appropriate


four color process
techinique for printing with full color. the four colors reproduce all colors of the spectrum when mixed in proper proportion. also called full colr printing
spot color
method of specifying and printing colors in which each color is printed with its own ink. effective when the printed matter contains only one to three different colors, but it becomes prohibitively expensive for more colors
pantone matching system
colors tend to follow trends just like fashion


combination mark   graphics with both text and artwork usually the company name


iconic/symbolic---compelling yet uncomplicated images that are emblematic of a particular company or product
more abstract...not full detail
really simplifying


wordmark....when you just use the word or company name as a whole...
lettermark-just using initials...

The Gutenberg Press | 1450 AD

What is Johannes Gutenberg credited with?
printing with movable type
Post a photo of the Gutenberg Press.
How did the printing press work?
ink was rolled over the movable hand set of black letters that pressed against a piece of paper
What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books?
his love for reading
Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type?
the woodcuts were not durable enough
Post an example of movable type in a type case.
What is moveable type?
system of printing that uses moveable components to reproduce the elements of a document
What is a matrix?
hard metal hammered into softer copper bar, the placed in a mold and created to make all the letters more uniform
What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press?
oil based ink
What is paper made from? Where did paper originate?
made from wood pulp originated in China
What is a "substrate"?

Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened? 

John Just, Just sued Gutenberg and received all the printing materials What was the first book he printed?Post an example of this book.
the bible
How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication?
 perfected script and made it easier to read, faster and cheaper, current events could be spread easier, different languages of the same book could be made
Who introduced the printing press to England?
William Caxton
What was the early form of newspapers?
news week
When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?
the boston news weekly
What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s?
cast iron and steam powered
Post an example of a 1930s printing press.
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. What is meant by "impression"?
papers
Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
relief printing
Post an example of an intaglio press.
What is intaglio printing and how is ink transferred?
ink is applied then rubbed with a cloth to remove access
Post an example of a screen (porous) printing press.
What is porous printing and how is ink transferred?

basic stencil process
Post an example of a lithography printing press.
What is lithography and how is ink transferred?
printing from a flat surface
Post an example of a offset lithography printing press.
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today?
offset
How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press?
many types, and it is much more precise and detailed for each specific type
Describe four-color process printing using CMYK?

partially or entirely masking colors on a lighter, usually white, background. The ink reduces the light that would otherwise be reflected. Such a model is called subtractive because inks "subtract" brightness from white.

The Codex and the Illuminated Manuscript | 1st century AD

Post an example of a scroll.



What were the drawbacks of the scroll?allowed only sequential usage, reader must read the text in the order it was written


Post an example of a codex.
What is a codex?
new ways to put together handwritten pages...covered and bound collection of handwritten pages...a book.
"Codex" is derived from the Latin meaning "block of wood". Why?
was compact, sturdy, and easy access
What is the difference between "sequential access" and "random access"?
one can go to any point in the book to find information..in a scroll one must go all the way through it
What were the advantages of using the codex?
open flat at any page, easier to organize in libraries since you can write the name on the spine.
What helped spread the use of the codex?
rise of Christianity and the bible utilized it
What replaced papyrus? Describe the process used to create it?the codex, or a book. made from animal skin, hair, fat, skin was smoothed out, hide was soaked in water, calcium, flour, salt added, then skin was stretched out, flattened, and dried 
What is vellum?
finer qualities of parchment, skins or young crows
Name several examples of current technology that utilizes the format of the codex?
digital books such as the kindle and ipad
What led to a period of cultural and economical deterioration?

the decline of the roman empire
Post an example of an illuminated manuscript.




Who began creating books by hand, taking the creation to an art form?
monks
What does "illumination" refer to? What was included in this ornamentation?the borders, illustration and ornamentation in each text. Initials of chapters and paragraphs, paintings in margins borders, and around text.
What tool was used for creating the illuminated manuscripts?
quills
Why were these manuscripts reserved for religious purposes?
the work was laborious and hard....and was used during Christian masses
What is craftsmanship? Why is it important?
the detail and neatness of each book.

The Roman Alphabet | 7th century BC

What was the basis of the Roman uppercase alphabet?

variant of the greek alphabet

What were the purposes of the formal and informal styles of lettering?
formal - documents informal - letters and quicker types of writing 

Why is the Roman alphabet the most widely used and what contributions did it make?
refined the art as handwriting
From where did serifs originate?
the carving of words into stone in ancient Italy
When and where did lowercase, or minuscule, letters develop?
the Romans
What is a ligature and why were they utilized?

joining two characters together
Post an example of the Roman alphabet in visual form.

The Greek Alphabet | 800 BC

How did Greeks come in contact with the Phoenicians?
trade agreements
How was the Greek adaptation of the alphabet different from its predecessor?it didn't only represent only consonants. they were adapted to represent vowels.                                                                            Why is the Greek alphabet considered to be the world's first true alphabet?                                                                                          it had vowel sounds and consonant sounds. it had sounds that could be used all around the world. quicker, more informal style for routine types of writing.
Name several similarities and differences between the Greek and modern English alphabets?



they had letters for all the sounds not just some sounds.
Post an example of the Greek alphabet in visual form.

The Phoenician Alphabet | 1050 BC

The Phoenician alphabet is based on what principle?
one sign represents one spoken word
Describe the shape of the letters and what tool created them?
angular and straight, left to right
What two reasons made the Phoenician alphabet so successful?
not as complicated and the trading culture of the Phoenician merchants spread the use of the alphabet
What long term effects on the social structures of civilizations did the Phoenicians have with the creation of their alphabet?its simplicity allowed it to be used in multiple languages and common people learned how to write. the characters were very simple.
Post an example of the Phoenician alphabet in visual form.

#3 Hieroglyphics

In the sixth century BC, what three civilizations invaded Egypt?
-Persians, greeks, romansPost an example of the inside wall(s) of an Ancient Egyptian temple.


What was discovered on the inside of the temples?
-carved and painted images on every wall ad surface
Scholars believe that Ancient Egyptians were inspired and influenced by which written language?
-combination of logographics and alphabetic elements
What is the difference between logographic and alphabetic elements?
-logograms are visual symbols representing ideas or objects,
The term Hieroglyphic derived from what two Greek words?
-hiero means sacred and glyphic means engraving or writing
What is a scribe?
-reading and writing
Who else was trained to read and write? Why?
-military leaders so they could communicate while in battlePost an example of hieroglyphics on papyrus.

What is papyrus and how was it made?
-substrate made from reeds native to egypt, wet reeds are placed criss cross over each other flattened and dried then rubbed with flat stones until the surface becomes smooth
What is a substrate?

What were the Books of the Dead?
commissioned by users themselves before death
How did Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics become a forgotten language?
used under persian rule,over time those who could read and write hieroglypics disappeared until no one knew how to decipher the languagePost an example of the Rosetta Stone.

What is the Rosetta Stone? Where was it discovered?


What three languages are included on the stone?
egyptian hieroglyohics, demotic and greek
Why couldn't the text on the Stone be deciphered?
a chunk of the stone was missing and none of the texts were complete
Who finally deciphered the text? What was his breakthrough?
britains found it out and have it in museums
Why does the interpretation of the Rosetta Stone have such significance?
referred to king ptolemy v elephants at the time of his coronation around 196 bc

A15 Inspiration and Research

This one was interesting because the initial cap is large and decorative and the font is complimented by it.

I like this one because the text is arranged uniquely and the colors are very eye catching.

This initial cap was interesting because there are pictures incorporated with it.

Using the song "Mary Jane's Last Dance" by Tom Petty

#2 Cuneiform

The Sumerians were one of the earliest types of this kind of civilization? What does that mean?
-They were our first written language, it is the beginning of our recorded history
Why is the region of Sumer considered the Cradle of Civilization?
-because it created the worlds first written language
What could the Sumerians practice year round because of the regions climate?
-agriculture
Post an example of early Cuneiform (Sumerian pictograph).






Why was Cuneiform created?
-created to help keel track of business transactions
What medium was used to "write" Cuneiform? Explain the process of preparing and writing on this surface?
-write on clay tablets. wet the clay, form it into flat surfaces, use a wedge shaped stylus made from reeds to make impressions into the clay surface.
What did Cuneiform begin as a series of?
-a permanent record of the transactions
-Post an example of evolved Cuneiform (wedge-shaped).




After it evolved over time, what shape did the characters of Cuneiform evolve into?
wedge shaped language
-Post an example of Akkadian Cuneiform.




After the Akkadians conquered, what happened to the Sumerian culture and written language?
-was adopted me the akkadians
What is a pictograph?
-a pictorial or visual representation of object
Why did the creation of Cuneiform allow the Sumerians to become a sophisticated culture?
-it was a new form of communication

Assignment #14: Research and Inspiration

This one interested me because it game cool ideas on how to project information.

i like this one because it shows a football player kicking the football and it just intrigues me.

This one is interesting because it gives two different ideas, i would like to do this in my poster.

#1 Cave Paintings

What are cave paintings?
-Beautiful,detailed and colorful representations found on the inside of cave walls and ceilings.
Name several common themes found in cave paintings?
-large animals such as bison, horses, deer
How were these paintings created (tools, pigments)?
-water, plant juice, animal blood, soil, charcoal, hematite(a form of iron oxide)
What is the most famous cave painting site? When was it discovered and by whom?
-Lascaux,France....discovered in 1940 by four teenage boys
Post an example of cave painting(s) from this cave.

Why did this cave have to be closed? What was done to satisfy public curiosity?
-the paintings were being damaged by the carbon dioxide emitted from the touristsPost an example of cave painting(s) from Altamira cave.
In Altamira cave, why do most of the paintings have a red hue?
-red clay in the soils
Who discovered this site? How old are the paintings confirmed to be?
-MArceline Sanz
What is the oldest known cave painting site? When was it discovered and by whom?Post an example of cave painting(s) from this cave.
-Chauvet in France
What was different about the painting techniques at this site?
-walls were scraped clear of debris, 3D effect was created by etching around the edges, also found fossilized remains and items such as sticks and small stones which appear to have been fashioned into paint brushes
What is "speleology"?
-the study or exploration of caves.
What three reasons do archeologists and historians believe prehistoric man created cave paintings?
-to tell a story or recount and event that already happened,as un instructional visual and to help teach about hunting techniques,created for magical or religious reasons that if an image of a desired event were painted it might come true.

Visual Organization

not directing the audience through a design is misdirecting them!

eye movement- the typical eye moves left to right and top to bottom.

controlling eye movement within a composition is a matter of directing the natural scanning tendency of the viewer's eye.

the eye tends to gravitate towards areas of complexity first. in pictures of people, the eye is always attracted to the face and particularly the eye.

light areas of a composition will attract the eye, especially when adjacent to a dark area.


Diagonal lines guide eye movement

Optical Center is where the eye directly goes when it looks at a page (not direct center, slightly to the left)

Compelling elements pull your eye in

Eye makes a sweep of the page normally in a z pattern

As a designer its your job to lead the viewer through the page

Fonts
no more than 2 fonts total--->compliment each other
avoid uppercase
chose the right font--->fits theme and tone
do not over use fancy or complicated fonts--->don't use as body text, use as headline
www.typography.com/email/2010-03/index.htm






visual hierarchy
will establish a focal point based on their importance to the message thats being communicated
a crucial part of the design process is to establish an order of elements, a visual structurem to help the viewer absorb the information provided by a design
what do i want my viewer to look at first, 2nd,3rd....ect

A13 Research and Inspiration

Research:

-a method by which a collection of words or images is collectively assembled---Wikipedia

-The technique was invented by Surrealists and is similar to an old parlour game called Consequences in which players write in turn on a sheet of paper, fold it to conceal part of the writing, and then pass it to the next player for a further contribution. Surrealism principal founder André Breton reported that it started in fun, but became playful and eventually enriching. Breton said the diversion started about 1925, but Pierre Reverdy wrote that it started much earlier, at least before 1918.-Wikipedia

Surrealism:

A 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind. I liked this one because it gave different ideas for each section...but flowed at the same time. This gives me inspiration because the body isn't the normal body you would see, it gives me more ideas and inspiration to create a more unique body for this new assignment.

The Creative Process

why is this process important?why do we need a process?
1) improve consistency, time management, raise the quality of your work, and you will communicate in a more professional manor.

steps to create process
-research-the more you know the better off you are, easier project will be, research on internet, meet your client, or look around
-brainstorming,inspiration-talk with people, come up with adjectives that describe the project, What kind of message am i trying to communicate?, Who is my audience?, What kind of  color or styles will work for this audience?
-sketching-THUMBNAILS,just to get your thoughts out, think about your colors, placement of elements
-execution- compose the piece, implement your ideas, design principles!!! try techinques, explore options, if you get stuck then walk away, dont be afraid to start over, or try something new....
-critiquing and revise- take a step back(LITERALLY) and look at your design with an objective eye

Photo Composition

snapshot-a quick shot, spontaneous, taken to record a moment in time.
photograph- an image taken with care and thought.
rule of thirds-imaginary lines drawn dividing the frame of your camera into thirds, both horizontally and vertically...getting the subject away from the center...also place the horizon line at the top or bottom horizontal divider...fill up your entire frame for a close up picture.
leading lines- uses the lines created within the foreground or background of the composition to lead the viewers eye through the photo...lines can draw attention to one or more intended subjects or a single focal point.
point of view- change the way your subject is perceived by changing the camera position...if you are photographing a subject that you want to seem very tall, compose the shot so that the camera is looking upwards.
simplicity-keep your background simple and clear of clutter...the mood and effectiveness of the photo can be altered by what is in the background...a chaotic composition will cause the viewer to look away.